Description
The main objective of a course on structural concrete design is to develop, in the engineering student, the ability to analyze and design a reinforced concrete member subjected to different types of forces in a simple and logical manner using the basic principles of statistics and some empirical formulas based on experimental results. Once the analysis and design procedure is fully understood, its application to different types of structures becomes simple and direct, provided that the student has a good background in structural analysis.
The material presented in this book is based on the requirements of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) Building Standard 318-14, International Building Code IBC-2012, American society of Civil Engineers Load Standards ASCE 7-10, and AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. Also, information has been presented on material properties, including volume changes of concrete, stress–strain behavior, creep, and elastic and nonlinear behavior or reinforced concrete.
Concrete structures are widely used in the United States and almost all over the world. The progress in the design concept has increased in the last few decades, emphasizing safety, serviceability, and economy. To achieve economical design of a reinforced concrete member, specific restrictions, rules, and formulas are presented in the codes to ensure both safety and reliability of the structure. Engineering firms expect civil engineering graduates to understand the code rules and, consequently, to be able to design a concrete structure effectively and economically with minimum training period or overhead costs. Taking this into consideration, this book is written to achieve the following objectives:
1. To present the material for the design of reinforced concrete members in a simple and logical approach.
2. To arrange the sequence of chapters in a way compatible with the design procedure of actual structures.
3. To provide a large number of examples in each chapter in clear steps to explain the analysis and design of each type of structural member.
4. To provide an adequate number of practical problems at the end of most chapters to achieve a high level of comprehension.
5. To explain the failure mechanism of a reinforced concrete beam due to flexure and to develop the necessary relationships and formulas for design.
6. To explain why the code used specific equations and specific restrictions on the design approach based on either a mathematical model or experimental results. This approach will improve the design ability of the student.
7. To provide adequate number of design aids to help the student in reducing the repetitive computations of specific commonly used values.
8. To enhance the student’s ability to use a total quality and economical approach in the design of concrete structures and to help the student to design reinforced concrete members with confidence.
9. To explain the nonlinear behavior and the development of plastic hinges and plastic rotations in continuous reinforced concrete structures.
10. To provide review problems for concrete building component design in Chapter 23.
11. To provide a summary at the end of most chapters to help the student to review the materials of each chapter separately. Also to design and analysis flowcharts in Chapter 24.
12. To provide new information on the design of special members, such as beams with variable depth (Chapter 5), deep beams using ACI and AASHTO design methods (Chapter 8), stairs design (Chapter 18), seismic design utilizing IBC 2012 and ASCE 7-10 (Chapter 20), beams curved in plan (Chapter 21), and bridge design according to AASHTO (Chapter 22).
13. To present information on the design of reinforced concrete frames, principles of limit design, and moment redistribution in continuous reinforced concrete structures.
14. To present examples on prediction of creep and shrinkage of concrete using the ACI and AASHTO codes.
15. To provide examples in SI units in all chapters of the book. Equivalent conversion factors from customary units to SI units are also presented. Design tables in SI units are given in Appendix B.
16. References are presented at the end of most chapters.
The book is an outgrowth of the authors’ lecture notes, which represent their teaching and industrial experience over the past 35 years. The industrial experience of the authors includes the design and construction supervision and management of many reinforced, prestressed, and precast concrete structures. This is in addition to the consulting work they performed for international design and construction firms, professional registration in the United Kingdom, Canada, and other countries, and a comprehensive knowledge of other European codes on the design of concrete structures.
The book is written to cover two courses in reinforced concrete design. Depending on the proficiency required, the first course may cover Chapters 1 through 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 23, and 24, whereas the second course may cover the remaining chapters. Parts of the late chapters may also be taught in the first course as needed. A number of optional sections have been included in various chapters. These sections are indicated by an asterisk (*) in the Contents and may easily be distinguished from those that form the basic requirements of the first course. The optional sections may be covered in the second course or relegated to a reading assignment. Brief descriptions of the chapters are given below.