Description
Throughout our academic careers, we have had a keen interest in the study of stereotyping and prejudice. It seemed natural, then, that we should teach our department’s course on prejudice and discrimination. When we set out to do so for the first time, however, we ran into a surprise: Although there is a vast literature on the topic, there were very few textbooks. In addition, we found that none of those books struck the balance between empirical rigor and readability that we were looking for. Therefore, as so many before us have done, we decided to write our own book; the result is before you. Our goal in writing this book is to provide students with an overview of what psychological theory and research have to say about the nature, causes, and amelioration of prejudice and discrimination. As a result, the book includes somewhat more detailed discussions of theories and selected research studies than do most other textbooks on the topic. At the same time, we have tried to keep our presentation at a level that is accessible to students whose only previous exposure to psychological theory and research has been in an introductory-levelcourse. Feedback from our reviewers and from students in our courses suggests that we have achieved that aim.
WHAT’S NEW IN THE THIRD EDITION?
The research and theoretical literatures on prejudice and discrimination have advanced dramatically even in the few years that have passed since the second edition of this book was published. Those advances have led us to make revisions throughout the book; however, to keep the book a manageable size, we have also reorganized and trimmed material throughout. For example, we integrated the material that was formerly in the motivation and emotions chapter into the chapters on individual differences (which now includes emotions) and discrimination (which now includes motivation to control prejudice). We have also made other minor adjustments in the placement of material; for example, by consolidating some of the information in the chapters on stereotyping to reduce redundancy and by moving information on reducing prejudice in children to the chapter on children. We have also incorporated new research on all the topics covered in the book, adding at least ten new references per chapter. Although most of the research on this topic is conducted in North America and Western Europe, we have redoubled our efforts to include research on international populations and research that addresses the cross-cultural implications of prejudice and discrimination. We also include material on topics that have recently been brought to the forefront, such as anti-immigrant discrimination, privilege and equality framing, microaggressions, and transgender issues. Overall, the number of pages remains about the same as previous editions.
BRIEF CONTENTS
Preface xxvi
Acknowledgments xxix
CHAPTER 1 Introducing the Concepts of Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination 1
CHAPTER 2 How Psychologists Study Prejudice and Discrimination 46
CHAPTER 3 Social Categorization and Stereotypes 86
CHAPTER 4 Stereotype Activation and Application 126
CHAPTER 5 Old-Fashioned and Contemporary Forms of Prejudice 169
CHAPTER 6 Individual Differences and Prejudice 212
CHAPTER 7 The Development of Prejudice in Children 261
CHAPTER 8 The Social Context of Prejudice 302
CHAPTER 9 From Prejudice to Discrimination 343
CHAPTER 10 The Experience of Discrimination 392
CHAPTER 11 Gender and Sexual Orientation 440
CHAPTER 12 Age, Ability, and Appearance 483
CHAPTER 13 Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination 527